Volcanic processes refer to the geological phenomena that occur during the formation, eruption, and evolution of volcanoes. This research area encompasses the study of various volcanic processes such as magma formation, volcanic eruption dynamics, lava flow behavior, volcanic gas emissions, and volcano monitoring techniques. Researchers in this field aim to understand the mechanisms behind volcanic activity, predict volcanic eruptions, assess volcanic hazards, and mitigate the risks associated with volcanic eruptions for communities living near volcanoes. The study of volcanic processes involves a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on fields such as geology, geophysics, geochemistry, and remote sensing.